Vaginal thrush and more specifically recurring or chronic vaginal thrush is an infection caused by a yeast (fungus) called Candida. An isolated or occasional episode of vaginal thrush is commonly experienced by most woman and easily treated with a cream or oral medication. The common symptom of a Candida infection is a creamy white discharge, which may cause an itch and redness outside the vagina. To be distinguished from other types of discharges, such as bacterial vaginosis which has a characteristically bad (fishy) odour and Tricomonas which is more yellowish and a lot more irritating (burning and itching). It is possible to have a mixed infection when further treatment may be necessary.

 Important causes of vaginal thrush include the use of antibiotics, pregnancy and diabetes as well as a suppressed immune system (chemotherapy, high dose steroids or HIV and AIDS). There is a more serious condition known as Candida Related Complex (CRC), where the yeast causes an infection in the intestines (similar to vaginal thrush) and can be responsible for many vague and apparently unrelated symptoms, such as mental problems (depression), chronic fatigue, abdominal pain and diarrhoea, skin problems etc. When experiencing recurrent vaginal thrush, as well as some of the symptoms mentioned, you may well be suffering from CRC and should be looking for further help from a physician knowledgeable in the treatment of this condition (CRC is not yet part of the curriculum taught in most medical schools!). Vaginal thrush should clear up as the result of the treatment, which usually includes a diet devoid of sugar and alcohol.

Simple vaginal thrush may be treated with creams, pessaries or tablets, which are all equally effective, although tablets are more convenient (and more expensive). Vaginal thrush is not a sexually transmitted disease, but the man may show symptoms of redness on the glans of the penis, requiring treatment. Avoid wearing tight fitting clothes or underwear, and be aware that vaginal dryness during sex may trigger vaginal thrush.           

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